American Folklore Quiz
Tradition of the Yellow Ribbon
The tradition of the Yellow Ribbon started:
a. during the Civil War
b. as a part of a John Wayne movie
c. in a song sung by Tony Orlando and Dawn
d. as a result of the wait for American hostages in Iran
e. in Shakespeare’s Othello
Trick question.
The answer is none of the above or at most, some of the above if you work hard to make the case. Traditions sometime evolve folding in modern popular culture, inventing new uses for old ideas, creating a nuance for an old custom.
Yellow ribbons on a lapel; around an old oak, elm, maple tree; around porch posts; on the back end of a Chevy have been around for quite some time now. This “new” tradition is a mark of patriotism and support for our troops away from home. It feels “old”. We have embraced the symbol as if it has been here for ages, at least since the Civil War or the John Wayne/John Ford movie: She Wore a Yellow Ribbon. But what is the origin?
The Library of Congress has two wonderfully detailed articles on their research of the origin of the Yellow Ribbon. Before 1979, the only reference to a yellow ribbon as a symbol was confined to a single file in the archives. Inside the file was a notation on the popular 1972 song by Tony Orlando and Dawn. That was all.
The event that changed that was the Iranian Hostage Crisis. Reporters and interested citizens called the LOC with questions on the origin. There were so many calls and requests that a few researchers became a network of “detectives” chasing down leads. The file expanded.
Researchers found an interesting background story about the popular song and the lawsuit that charged the writers of the song with plagiarism. The writers won. The reason: earlier references to multiple similar stories related in the song were found.
Many people thought the origin of the yellow ribbon tied to a tree started during the Civil War. However, Civil War historian Shelby Foote shared he had never found any source for a connection there.
The post-Civil War movie She Wore a Yellow Ribbon was the source of belief that yellow ribbons were worn in the name of love. The color became associated with faithfulness. It seemed logical that a yellow ribbon tradition might have been around since the Civil War at least.
Researchers following the theme song from the movie found a minstrel song from 1838 All Round My Hat. And that song seems to be influenced by a song in the time of Shakespeare. In Othello, Desdemona mentions a similar “old song”.
That does make a case for a long tradition.
But the origin may be closer at hand.
Penelope Laingen, wife of the U.S. Chargé d’Affaires in Tehran and hostage, Bruce Laingen, tied a yellow ribbon around an oak tree in her front yard in 1979. “It just came to me,” she said, “to give people something to do, rather than throw dog food at Iranians. I said, ‘Why don’t they tie a yellow ribbon around an old oak tree.’ That’s how it started.” She said her inspiration came from the song, Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree. (Note the new twist: the song referred to a man returning from jail and in America’s case, returning hostages, heroes).
With news that the hostages were to be freed in January, 1981; yellow ribbons began to appear across the country. We came together in saying, “Welcome home!” Yellow ribbon visibility has grown since 1981. A single ribbon in the yard of a waiting wife became a sea of yellow ribbons visible everywhere.
Shakespeare, Civil War, movie, popular song, act of support. It seems an old custom, but is relatively new in application. Yellow joins our American colors: Red, White, and Blue. Like the Red, White, and Blue; this color doesn’t run-except to welcome home our valiant returning troops.
The NFRW Armed Services Committee supports Yellow Ribbon America, founded in 2003. Their effort is to unite all Americans to help our nation’s military and their families.
You can visit their web site at http://www.yellowribbonamerica.org. YRA offers a yellow ribbon bumper sticker for one dollar available at http://www.yellowribbonamerica.org/bumpersticker.htm
Links used as resources for this article:
http://www.loc.gov/folklife/ribbons/index.html
http://www.loc.gov/folklife/ribbons/ribbons.html
Carol Alexander
NFRW Armed Services Committee
Secretary